Art  Drama  Alternative assessment  Use bodylanguage: gestures and facial expressions  Multicultural activities  Speak slowly, clearly, with repetition  Lots of visuals and realia (objects from real life) Context embedded (gestures, objects, vocal inflections) Labs, manipulatives, hands-on activities  Limit use of idiom (figurative meaning not related to literal meaning) Identify and activate prior knowledge  Limit talking-head lectures  Focus on the meaning, not the form  Cooperative learning  Maximize student participation Graphic organizers  Games  Video, photographs, illustrations Word wall Preview-review Explain and reword Comprehensible input (students understand most, not all, of what is being taught) Read often, and have the students choose the material. Reading should be pleasurable!